Wellness Blog
The content on this blog is for general informational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always consult your healthcare provider before making changes to your health routine or taking new supplements.
Winter skin care - How to keep your skin healthy and moisturised
Winter months can sometimes be eagerly anticipated after months of long, hot summers. However, the transition from hot summer to cold and dry winter can really impact our skin barrier and the health of our skin.
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Hair, skin, and nails: How they are connected and supplements that support their health
Skin is the body's largest organ (1). Whilst hair and nails are often considered for their cosmetic purpose, their bodily purpose and connection to our skin are more than skin-deep. Let's take a look at the connection between hair, skin, and nails in more detail.SkinAside from protecting our muscles, bones, nerves, and blood vessels, our skin also stops harmful microorganisms and material from entering our bodies. It acts as the body's first line of defense, and prevents the loss of life-sustaining fluids like blood and water (2). Our skin is made up of three layers. The epidermis is the tough, outer layer. The various cells located here give our skin their particular colouring, help protect our body against infection, and produce keratin, a basic component of hair, skin, and nails. The dermis, or second layer, contains connective tissue, nerve endings, hair follicles, and sweat glands. Thirdly, the subcutaneous fat layer which contains a network of collagen and fat cells. This layer helps conserve the body's heat and protects the body from further injury by acting as a shock absorber (3).HairThe hair on your head isn't just there just there to embrace the latest hairstyles. Generally speaking, our hair keeps us warm by preserving heat in our bodies. The hair in our nose, ears, and around the eyes also protect these sensitive areas from dust and other small particles from getting in. Eyebrows and eyelashes, in particular, protect our eyes by decreasing the amount of light and particles that go into them. NailsIt might not seem like it, but our nails grow out from the deep folds of skin at our fingers and toes. Our fingernails and toenails support the sensitive tips of our fingers and toes (4). Nails are useful in helping us pick up objects, scratch an itch, or untie a knot.The connection among hair, skin, and nailsThe trifecta of skin, hair and nails form a comprehensive first line of defense for our body against any outside harm. In addition, keratin is a key component in our hair and nails (5). A process called keratinization forms our hairs and nails as they push out from under the skin. Following this, a lot of the same nutrients that protect our skin are also needed to protect our hair and nails.Healthy hair, skin, and nails through supplementsWhile taking in nutrients primarily happens through a healthy diet, you may not always get the vitamins and minerals you need from food alone. Taking supplements is another way to ensure that you can assist your hair, skin, and nail health by helping incorporate important nutrients. Some of the vitamins and minerals that you can consider to support hair, skin, and nail health include:CollagenA protein that is essential in giving structure to the skin, hair, nails, bones, ligaments and cartilage. Collagen supplementation may improve elasticity in the skin, support hydration, and maintain collagen formation (13).BiotinBiotin plays a role in maintaining the state of vitamins and minerals in the body. Because of this, it helps improve hair health, nail strength, and skin health (14).ZincZinc supports collagen formation and health, allowing it to support skin health, and strong nails and hair.AstaxanthinA potent, natural antioxidant that supports collagen formation and elasticity for healthy hair, skin, and nails.Vitamin CAn abundance of vitamin C is found in the epidermis and dermis (15). It plays an important role in collagen formation and health, which is necessary for healthy hair, skin, and nails.B complexB vitamins play a role in protein synthesis in the body, maintaining the state of minerals in the body which are crucial for hair, skin and nails, as well as supporting skin health.CranberryCranberry supplement supports collagen formation and supports the state of vitamins in the body. It also maintains skin health and aids in skin repair and regeneration.Vitable Australia offers a premium vitamin subscription service in Australia. Visit our website to create a customised vitamin plan that supports your skin, hair and nail health. And with our vitamin delivery service, you can easily have your daily vitamin packs delivered right to your doorstep!Find out more about other areas that the above supplements can help you with:Collagen | Biotin | Zinc | Astaxanthin | Vitamin C | B complex | Cranberry*Always read the label. Follow the directions for use. If symptoms persist, talk to your health professional. Vitamin and/or mineral supplements should not replace a balanced diet.References: National Human Genome Research Institute. "Organ".National Human Genome Research Institute. Published (n.d.) on https://www.genome.gov/genetics-glossary/Organ . Accessed 1 November 2021 Rady Children's Hospital San Diego. "Body Basics: Skin, Hair, and Nails". Rady Children's Hospital San Diego. Published (n.d.) on https://www.rchsd.org/health-articles/skin-hair-and-nails/ . Accessed 2 November 2021 Stanford Children's Health. "Anatomy of the Skin". Stanford Children's Health. Published (n.d.) on https://www.stanfordchildrens.org/en/topic/default?id=anatomy-of-the-skin-85-P01336 . Accessed 2 November 2021. Better Health. "Nails - fingernail and toenail problems". Better Health. Published (n.d.) on https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/conditionsandtreatments/nails-fingernail-and-toenail-problems . Accessed 2 November 2021. Riley, Jan. "The Keratin Trilogy: Skin, Hair and Nails". Ausmed. Published 12 November 2015 on https://www.ausmed.com/cpd/articles/what-is-keratin . Accessed 2 November 2021. Mayo Clinic. "Skin care: 5 tips for healthy skin". Mayo Clinic. Published (n.d.) on https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/adult-health/in-depth/skin-care/art-20048237 . Accessed 2 November 2021. Mayo Clinic. "Skin care: 5 tips for healthy skin". Mayo Clinic. Published (n.d.) on https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/adult-health/in-depth/skin-care/art-20048237 . Accessed 2 November 2021. Mayo Clinic. "Skin care: 5 tips for healthy skin". Mayo Clinic. Published (n.d.) on https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/adult-health/in-depth/skin-care/art-20048237 . Accessed 2 November 2021. Mayo Clinic. "Skin care: 5 tips for healthy skin". Mayo Clinic. Published (n.d.) on https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/adult-health/in-depth/skin-care/art-20048237 . Accessed 2 November 2021. NIH News in Health. "Keep Your Skin Healthy: Protecting Your Outer Self". National Institutes of Health. Published November 2015 on https://newsinhealth.nih.gov/2015/11/keep-your-skin-healthy . Accessed 2 November 2021. American Academy of Dermatology. "10 Skin Care Secrets for Healthier-Looking Skin". American Academy of Dermatology. Published (n.d.) on https://www.aad.org/public/everyday-care/skin-care-secrets/routine/healthier-looking-skin . Accessed 2 November 2021. Mayo Clinic. "Skin care: 5 tips for healthy skin". Mayo Clinic. Published (n.d.) on https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/adult-health/in-depth/skin-care/art-20048237 . Accessed 2 November 2021. Vitable. “Collagen”. Vitable. Published (n.d.) on https://research.get.vitable.com.au/collagen. Accessed 14 November 2021. Vitable. “Biotin”. Vitable. Published (n.d.) on https://research.get.vitable.com.au/biotin. Accessed 14 November 2021. Vitable. “Vitamin C Plus”. Vitable. Published (n.d.) on https://research.get.vitable.com.au/vitamin-c-plus. Accessed 14 November 2021. Tri-City Medical Center. " B Vitamins: Your Secret to Good Skin Health". Tri-City Medical Center. Published (n.d.) on https://www.tricitymed.org/2018/08/b-vitamins-secret-good-skin-health/. Accessed 14 November 2021.
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The benefits of cranberry for healthy skin
Skin: The largest organ in our bodyThe skin is our body's largest organ. It covers and protects our muscles, bones, the network of nerves and blood vessels and everything else in our body (1). While it is found all over our body, it varies in thickness, colour and texture. For example, our eyelids have the thinnest skin while the soles of our feet have the thickest skin in our body (2). Our skin is essential to our everyday life in many ways. Aside from protecting our body from injury and harmful external substances and microorganisms, it also regulates our temperature, lets us feel sensations of touch, warmth and cold (1). Our hair and nails are also considered skin, both are made up of skin cells and are a part of the many functions our skin performs (3).Getting to know your skin can be a big help when it comes to knowing how to take care of it. There seems to be a lot to work on, but don't get overwhelmed! There are simple ways to approach skin care. Let's take a look!Our skin: Up close and personalOur skin is a good indicator of our health. Oftentimes, when someone is sick, this can be evident in their skin (3). This vast organ is made up of three main parts: Epidermis, which is the outer layer of our skin. It is a network of cells that serves as the body's first resistance against injury, bacteria, viruses and infections. Our hair and nails grow from this layer of our skin, as an added barrier of protection for our body (4). Dermis, which is a dense network of specialised proteins under the epidermis. It is made up of fibres surrounded by proteins that contain the blood, lymphatic vessels, our nerves and sweat glands (4). Subcutis, which is a specialised layer under the dermis. It contains a network of fibres and fat cells that protects the body from outside trauma and insulates the body from cold. The body's energy is stored in this layer (4). Aside from these main layers of the skin, let's not forget our hair and nails. While we often consider them as aesthetic parts of our body, that's not all they are for.Our hair grows from new cells that multiply on our epidermis. It serves many important functions that keep our body protected, such as: keeping us warm by preserving the heat in our body, shields sensitive areas such as the nose, eyes and ears from dust and other small particles, and moderating the amount of light that goes through our eyes (1). Meanwhile, our nails grow from a protein called keratin, which also makes up our skin and hair. They support and protect the tips of our fingers and toes, which enables us to perform simple motor tasks such as picking up objects (5). Now that we are a little bit more familiar with how our skin works, let's move on to how you can take care of it yourself.Skin care and youIt's important to keep our skin healthy, so we can go about our everyday lives well-protected and without any discomfort. It doesn't have to be complicated and filled with expensive skin care products.Healthy skin can also help delay natural ageing and prevent skin diseases (6). You can start caring for your skin with these easy tips: Be gentle to your skin. Keep baths short and use warm water. Avoid strong soaps and cleansers, moisturise regularly and shave carefully (7). Protect yourself from the sun. Wear sunscreen and protective clothing when appropriate as too much sun exposure can lead to many skin problems (7). Avoid excessive smoking and drinking. Smoking and drinking can cause stress that depletes the skin of oxygen and nutrients and can damage collagen production (7). Eat a healthy diet. Keep your diet filled with fruits, vegetables, whole grains and lean proteins. Of course, regularly drink plenty of water to stay hydrated as it keeps your skin healthy (7). A healthy diet and lifestyle can help you look and feel great. You can choose to boost your skin care regimen with supplements for healthy skin.Support skin health with cranberryA healthy diet includes plenty of fruits in a variety of forms. These fruits can include apples, bananas, grapes and berries (8). Berries, in particular, are a good source of potassium or fibre. But recent research suggests that berry fruits can be a rich source of phytochemicals with antioxidant effects that can help boost our body's defenses (9).Cranberries are a particular kind of berry that grows from low and woody vines, and were primarily used by Native Americans for various foods and medicine to treat wounds (10). As the popularity of cranberries rises as a superfood that can address multiple health problems, can we truly rely on the different cranberry benefits for skin?Cranberry benefits for skinCranberries are rarely consumed fresh and can primarily be ingested as cranberry juice. Cranberry supplements can also harness its benefits for the skin and introduce the following benefits: Cranberries are rich in vitamin C, which is essential in the production of collagen (11). Cranberry benefits for skin include helping maintain and support collagen formation, which can significantly improve your skin's hydration, elasticity, and texture (12). Cranberry intake can also help support hair health via collagen production, which safely and effectively promotes hair growth (13). Cranberry benefits for skin also include maintaining and supporting our hair and nails' growth and thickness. Cranberry supplements provide colloidal silica that plays an important role in repairing connective tissues in our hair and nails (14). If you are looking for supplements that can give a healthy boost to your skin care regimen, consider cranberry supplements. You can include cranberry in your supplement subscription from Vitable Australia. This vitamin delivery service lets you choose custom vitamins that are delivered straight to your doorstep! This vitamin delivery may just be what your skin needs to get that healthy glow. Build your very first supplement subscription and get a Vitable daily vitamin pack now!Find out more about other supplements that can support skin health:Zinc | Iron | Astaxanthin | B complex | Calcium Plus | Vitamin B12 | Ginkgo Brahmi *Always read the label. Follow the directions for use. If symptoms persist, talk to your health professional. Vitamin and/or mineral supplements should not replace a balanced diet.References: Rady Children's Hospital San Diego Content Team. “Skin, Hair and Nails”. Rady Children's Hospital San Diego: Rchsd.Org. Published on https://www.rchsd.org/health-articles/skin-hair-and-nails/. Accessed December 2, 2021. Stanford Children's Health Content Team. “Anatomy of the Skin”. Stanford Children's Health: Stanfordchildrens.Org. Published on https://www.stanfordchildrens.org/en/topic/default?id=anatomy-of-the-skin-85-P01336. Accessed December 2, 2021. Better Health Channel Content Team. “Skin explained”. Better Health Channel: Betterhealth.Vic.Gov.Au. Published on https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/conditionsandtreatments/skin#hair-and-nails-and-the-skin. Accessed December 2, 2021. Choi, J. & Minochi, R. “Skin structure and function”. The Australian College of Dermatologists: Dermcoll.Edu.Au. Published on https://www.dermcoll.edu.au/atoz/skin-structure-function/. Accessed December 2, 2021. Better Health Channel Content Team. “Nails - finger and toenail problems”. Better Health Channel: Betterhealth.Vic.Gov.Au. Published on https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/conditionsandtreatments/nails-fingernail-and-toenail-problems#structure-of-the-nail. Accessed December 2, 2021. Mayo Clinic Content Team. “Skin care: 5 tips for healthy skin”. Mayo Clinic: Mayoclinic.Org. Published October 15, 2019 on https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/adult-health/in-depth/skin-care/art-20048237. Accessed December 2, 2021. The Royal Women's Hospital Content Team. “Caring for your skin”. The Royal Women's Hospital: Thewomens.Org.Au. Published on https://www.thewomens.org.au/health-information/staying-well/tips-for-staying-well/caring-for-your-skin. Accessed December 2, 2021. Blumberg, J. B., Camesano, T. A., Cassidy, A., Kris-Etherton, P., Howell, A., Manach, C., Ostertag, L. M., Sies, H., Skulas-Ray, A., & Vita, J. A. “Cranberries and Their Bioactive Constituents in Human Health”. National Center for Biotechnology Information: Ncbi.Nlm.Nih.Gov. Published November 6, 2013 on https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3823508/. Accessed December 2, 2021. Paredes-López, O., Cervantes-Ceja, M. L., Vigna-Pérez, M., & Hernández-Pérez, T. “Berries: Improving Human Health and Healthy Aging, and Promoting Quality Life—A Review”. National Center for Biotechnology Information: Ncbi.Nlm.Nih.Gov. Published November 6, 2013 on https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3823508/. Accessed December 2, 2021. Neto, C. and Vinson, J. “Herbal Medicine: Biomolecular and Clinical Aspects”. National Center for Biotechnology Information: Ncbi.Nlm.Nih.Gov. Published 2011 on https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK92762/. Accessed December 2, 2021. Redmond, E. J., Murphy, C. F., Leonard, J., Faulds, K., Abdelfadil, S., Crowley, V. E., Lynch, T. H., & Manecksha, R. P. “The influence of dietary supplementation with cranberry tablets on the urinary risk factors for nephrolithiasis.” National Center for Biotechnology Information: Ncbi.Nlm.Nih.Gov. Published July 23, 2018 on https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30039387/. Accessed December 2, 2021. Bolke, L., Schlippe, G., Gerß, J., & Voss, W. “A Collagen Supplement Improves Skin Hydration, Elasticity, Roughness, and Density: Results of a Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Blind Study”. National Center for Biotechnology Information: Ncbi.Nlm.Nih.Gov. Published on October 17, 2019 on https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6835901/. Accessed December 2 2021. Ablon, G. “A 3-Month, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study Evaluating the Ability of an Extra-Strength Marine Protein Supplement to Promote Hair Growth and Decrease Shedding in Women with Self-Perceived Thinning Hair”. National Center for Biotechnology Information: Ncbi.Nlm.Nih.Gov. Published on November 5, 2012 on https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3509882/. Accessed December 2, 2021. Barel, A., Calomme, M., Timchenko, A., Paepe, K. D., Demeester, N., Rogiers, V., Clarys, P., & Vanden Berghe, D. “Effect of oral intake of choline-stabilized orthosilicic acid on skin, nails and hair in women with photodamaged skin”. National Center for Biotechnology Information: Pubmed.Ncbi.Nlm.Nih.Gov. Published on October 26, 2005 on https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16205932/. Accessed December 2, 2021.
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Sensitive skin? Here's what you can do
Is your skin easily irritated by the use of products or just regular exposure to the elements? Sounds like you may have sensitive skin.Does it sting when you use certain soaps or cleansers? Do you break out in rashes when your skin comes in contact with clothes laundered in strong detergents? If so, it's possible that you may have sensitive skin.What is sensitive skin, and what is the best skincare for sensitive skin? Read on to find out.Risk factors for skin sensitivityWomen are more likely to have sensitive skinIn many studies, women report having more sensitive skin (1, 2). One possible reason may be that males tend to have a thicker epidermis, or outermost skin layer, compared to women. Women also tend to use more products, especially facial products, which may increase exposure to materials that create unpleasant skin reactions. Women also experience hormonal changes that may result in more sensitive skin. For instance, studies have found that a woman's menstrual cycle may affect skin sensitivity. Post-menopausal women have also reported that their skin became more sensitive after menopause (2).Environmental factorsCertain environmental factors may favour the manifestation of skin sensitivity (3). These include low temperature, humidity, strong wind, and sun exposure. Pollution may also give rise to sensitive skin reactions.Skin productsCosmetic product use has been a widely-reported triggering factor of sensitive skin (3). These include perfumes, facial cleansers, cosmetics, hair products, soaps, and deodorants (1). Potentially irritating ingredients such as alcohol, fragrances, propylene glycol, and alpha-hydroxy acids may increase the likelihood of symptoms.Household productsExposure to household items, such as cleaning products, laundry detergent, dishwashing liquid, and fabric softener, may also trigger sensitive skin (1).The best skincare for sensitive skinSensitive skin is usually treated by addressing any underlying causes or triggers. Here are some things you can do as part of skincare for sensitive skin:Avoid products that may cause irritationThe best skincare for sensitive skin is avoiding known irritants. If you find that a particular product triggers itchiness, rashes, or other unpleasant sensations, try to find alternative products you can use instead (2). Try skin products with milder ingredients.Using non-irritating moisturisersDaily use of moisturizer has been found to decrease skin sensitivity (1). Sensitive skin has also been found to be connected to skin dryness, which leads to a greater disruption of the protective function of the skin (1). Skin dryness can be avoided with the use of gentle lotions or moisturisers (4). Protect your skin from the sunPart of the best skincare for sensitive skin is avoiding the sun. Protecting yourself from UV damage is important to protect your skin, regardless of whether or not you experience skin sensitivity. Sun exposure is connected to wrinkles, age spots, and various skin conditions (4). To avoid UV damage, it helps to avoid sun exposure entirely. When you do need to go under the sun, don't forget to use sunscreen with at least 15 SPF. You may need to reapply sunscreen, especially if you have been perspiring or swimming. Wearing protective clothing like hats, long-sleeved tops, and long pants also protects your skin. Get out of the daytime sun and seek shade wherever possible.Keep your skin nourished with supplementationThe skin needs various nutrients to perform at optimal levels. While these nutrients are best taken in through a healthy, balanced diet, we are not always able to get the vitamins and minerals we need through what we eat. In this case, it may help to take supplementation.Here are some supplements you can take as part of the best skincare for sensitive skin:ZincZinc supports healthy skin by promoting wound healing. It has also been used to help treat some dermatological conditions - always reach out to a dermatologist or skin specialist to understand how zinc could help you (5).IronIron supports skin health by playing an important role in the normal development and function of the skin. It helps support collagen formation by encouraging the proliferation and differentiation of human skin cells (6).*Iron should only be taken if prescribed by your doctor.AstaxanthinAstaxanthin promotes skin health by inhibiting age-related skin irritation, sensitivity and dehydration (7). It also improves skin integrity and elasticity, as well as reduces oxidative damage (7).B complexThe B group of vitamins is made up of eight water-soluble vitamins that are essential for a variety of bodily processes. Among these, Riboflavin (B2) and Niacin (B3) in particular, help maintain skin health (8).Vitamin CVitamin C promotes healthy skin because it is required for collagen synthesis. Collagen is an essential building block of the skin, hair, and nails. Large amounts of Vitamin C are found in the dermal and epidermal layers of the skin and have been found to benefit skin cells (9).CranberryCranberries contain polyphenols, which have been found to play a role in protecting the skin integrity, skin structure and encouraging skin repair (10, 11).CollagenCollagen is the primary structural protein in the connective tissue that makes up the skin, hair, and nails. Collagen promotes healthy skin by helping improve skin hydration and elasticity. It also prevents wrinkles and dry skin. Collagen further stimulates skin cells to create more collagen, which may help delay signs of skin ageing, and improve the firmness of skin (12).BiotinBiotin supports healthy skin by playing a key role in the synthesis of fatty acids, which the skin needs to help produce a barrier of oil that protects the skin from sun and environmental damage (13). Sign up for your Vitable vitamins today. Vitable gives you custom vitamin packs for your own specific health concerns. Make use of our vitamins subscription and get your vitamin delivery anywhere in Australia.Find out more about other supplements that can support skin health:Zinc | Iron | Astaxanthin | B complex | Vitamin C | Cranberry | Collagen | Biotin*Always read the label. Follow the directions for use. If symptoms persist, talk to your health professional. Vitamin and/or mineral supplements should not replace a balanced diet.References: Farage, M., "The Prevalence of Sensitive Skin". Frontiers in Medicine. Published May 2019 on https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmed.2019.00098/full. Accessed 24 Jan 2022. Dyall-Smith, D., "Sensitive skin". DermNet NZ. Published 2009 on https://dermnetnz.org/topics/sensitive-skin. Accessed 24 Jan 2022. Duarte, I., et. al., "Sensitive skin: review of an ascending concept*". Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia. Published Aug 2017 on https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5595600/. Accessed 24 Jan 2022. Mayo Clinic Staff. "Skin care: 5 tips for healthy skin". Published Jan 22, 2022 on https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/adult-health/in-depth/skin-care/art-20048237. Accessed 24 Jan 2022. Gupta, M., et. al., "Zinc Therapy in Dermatology: A Review". Dermatol Res Pract. Published July 2014 on https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4120804/. Accessed 24 Jan 2022. Hirobe, T. "Iron and skin health: iron stimulates skin function". Handbook of diet, nutrition and the skin. Published 2012 on https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.3920/978-90-8686-729-5_12. Accessed 24 Jan 2022. Vitable. "Astaxanthin". Vitable. Published n.d. on https://research.get.vitable.com.au/astaxanthin. Accessed 24 Jan 2022. Better Health Channel. "Vitamin B". Better Health Channel. Last reviewed March 2020 on https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/healthyliving/vitamin-b. Accessed 24 Jan 2022. Vitable. “Vitamin C Plus”. Vitable. Published n.d. on https://research.get.vitable.com.au/vitamin-c-plus. Accessed 24 Jan 2022. Khoo, C., Liu, H., "Chapter 8 - Effect of Cranberry Polyphenols and Metabolites on Microbial Activity and Impact on Urinary Tract Health". Polyphenols: Prevention and Treatment of Human Disease (Second Edition). Published 2018 on https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780128130087000084. Accessed 24 Jan 2022. Afaq, F., Katiyar, S., "Polyphenols: Skin Photoprotection and Inhibition of Photocarcinogenesis". Mini Rev Med Chem. Published Dec 2011 on https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3288507/. Accessed 24 Jan 2022. Vitable. “Collagen”. Vitable. Published n.d. on https://research.get.vitable.com.au/collagen. Accessed 24 Jan 2022. Vitable. “Biotin”. Vitable. Published n.d. on https://research.get.vitable.com.au/biotin. Accessed 24 Jan 2022
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